Tag Archives: cheerleading coaching strategies

The Art of Feedback: Giving Constructive Criticism to Cheerleaders

constructive criticism cheerleading coaching tips

By Steve Pawlyk

Published December 16, 2024

I gotta guess most of you already know that being a cheer coach isn’t just about teaching stunts and choreography—it’s also about helping your athletes grow as individuals and teammates. One of the most challenging yet vital aspects of coaching is giving constructive criticism. Delivered effectively, it can motivate athletes, build confidence, and improve performance. Poorly communicated feedback, however, can lead to frustration, low morale, and misunderstandings. In this article, we’ll explore strategies for giving constructive criticism that will elevate your team’s success while fostering a positive environment.

Why Constructive Criticism Matters in Cheerleading

Cheerleading is a high-pressure sport that demands precision, teamwork, and resilience. Athletes thrive when they understand what’s working well and what needs improvement. Constructive criticism allows you to:

  • Address mistakes and refine skills.
  • Encourage personal and team growth.
  • Build trust between athletes and coaches.
  • Keep practices focused and efficient.

The goal is to make feedback a tool for improvement, not a source of discouragement.

positive reinforcement cheerleading

1. Set the Stage for Feedback

Before delivering any critique, it’s essential to create a culture where feedback is viewed as a positive part of the learning process. Here’s how:

  • Establish a Feedback Routine: Let your team know that feedback is a regular part of practice and performance reviews. Normalize it as a way to improve, not punish.
  • Focus on Effort, Not Perfection: Make it clear that mistakes are an opportunity for learning and growth. Highlight effort and progress over immediate success.
  • Encourage Open Communication: Build trust by inviting athletes to ask questions or share concerns. When athletes feel heard, they’re more receptive to feedback.

2. Balance Praise and Critique

Constructive criticism works best when it’s balanced with positive reinforcement. A simple formula to follow is the “Sandwich Method”:

  • Start with a Positive: Begin with something the athlete is doing well. For example, “Your timing in the last stunt was perfect—great job staying sharp.”
  • Address the Issue: Move to the critique in a way that’s specific and actionable. Avoid general comments like “You need to work harder.” Instead, say, “When you lift your leg in the scorpion, focus on locking your knee to improve your line.”
  • End on a High Note: Finish with encouragement or optimism. For instance, “You’ve made so much progress this season, and I know you’ll nail this with practice.”

3. Be Specific and Actionable

Vague feedback can confuse athletes and leave them unsure of how to improve. To avoid this, make your feedback:

  • Clear: “Your toe touch needs work” is less helpful than, “Focus on snapping your legs together faster and pointing your toes.”
  • Actionable: Provide steps for improvement. For example, “Practice your jumps with ankle weights to build strength and improve height.”
  • Relevant: Tailor your feedback to the athlete’s role or skill level. A base, flyer, or spotter will each need different kinds of guidance.
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4. Deliver Feedback in the Right Moment

Timing is everything when it comes to criticism. Consider these guidelines:

  • In Practice: Give immediate feedback for skill corrections, but keep it concise to maintain the flow of practice.
  • After Performances: Review routines during post-performance meetings. Allow the team to celebrate successes before diving into critiques.
  • Privately for Sensitive Issues: If the feedback is personal or might embarrass the athlete, pull them aside for a one-on-one discussion.

5. Use Visual and Hands-On Examples

Many cheerleaders are visual or kinesthetic learners, so pairing verbal feedback with demonstrations or physical adjustments can be highly effective. For example:

  • Demonstrations: Show athletes the correct way to perform a motion or stunt.
  • Video Reviews: Record routines and review them as a team, pointing out both strengths and areas for improvement.
  • Hands-On Corrections: Safely guide an athlete’s body into the correct position if appropriate.
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6. Empower Athletes to Self-Correct

One of the best ways to instill long-term improvement is to encourage self-awareness. Teach athletes to evaluate their own performance by asking questions like:

  • “What do you think went well in that stunt?”
  • “What could you have done differently?”
  • “How did the timing feel for you?”

By guiding athletes to assess their own performance, you create independent thinkers who take ownership of their improvement.

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7. Foster a Growth Mindset

A growth mindset is key to turning criticism into motivation. Reinforce the idea that improvement comes through effort and persistence. Share examples of team members who overcame challenges through hard work or show videos of professional teams that emphasize perseverance.

8. Follow Up and Track Progress

Feedback doesn’t end with critique. Be sure to:

  • Check In: Revisit the skill or behavior you addressed to see if progress has been made.
  • Acknowledge Improvement: Celebrate when athletes apply your feedback successfully.

• • Adjust as Needed: If an athlete isn’t improving, revisit your critique and offer new strategies.

Constructive criticism is a powerful tool that can help cheerleaders improve their skills, build confidence, and strengthen their commitment to the team. By creating a culture of feedback, balancing praise and critique, and delivering actionable advice, you can foster an environment where athletes thrive both on and off the mat.

Mastering the art of feedback is an ongoing process, but with patience and practice, you can turn every critique into a stepping stone for success. Start implementing these tips today, and watch your team soar to new heights.

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Avoiding Burnout: How Top Cheer Programs Manage Intense Competition Seasons

How top cheer teams avoid burnout

By Steve Pawlyk

Published October 21, 2024

I think we all know competitive cheer is a demanding sport that requires relentless dedication, combining strength, flexibility, and endurance. With top-tier competitions like The Cheerleading Worlds and ICU Championships, athletes often face long seasons packed with intense training, travel, and pressure to perform. Leading cheer programs such as Top Gun All Stars, Cheer Extreme, and Brandon All-Stars have developed effective strategies to prevent athlete burnout, ensuring their teams perform at peak levels without compromising well-being.

burnout prevention in cheerleading

1. Balancing Training Volume and Rest Days

Top cheer programs understand the importance of balancing high-intensity practices with rest. Coaches from Cheer Extreme Raleigh, known for their meticulous routines, schedule mandatory rest days to allow athletes’ bodies to recover. This approach helps minimize the risk of overuse injuries, which are common in cheerleading due to repetitive tumbling and stunting sequences.

For programs competing in both national and international events, such as Top Gun All Stars (winners of L6 Senior Large Coed), the offseason serves as a critical time to reset physically and mentally. Coaches focus on lighter skill-building sessions rather than full choreography to maintain fitness while avoiding fatigue.

2. Mental Health Support and Stress Management Techniques

Competitive cheer involves intense psychological demands. Teams like Brandon All-Stars emphasize mental health by incorporating mindfulness practices and sports psychology workshops. Athletes learn relaxation techniques to manage competition-day anxiety and burnout associated with travel and rigorous training schedules.

Additionally, Cheer Athletics provides access to mental health professionals and peer-support networks. These initiatives encourage athletes to openly discuss stress and mental fatigue, promoting a healthy team environment where athletes feel supported through challenging seasons.

3. Smart Travel and Recovery Plans

Travel can disrupt athletes’ sleep and recovery, particularly when competing in multiple competitions within a short period. Programs like The Stingray Allstars, who regularly compete at large-scale events like The Cheerleading Worlds, use smart travel strategies. Teams arrive early at competition sites to adjust to time zone changes and avoid jet lag.

  • Arriving Early to Adjust and Prepare
    Teams often arrive at competition sites a day or more before the event begins. This early arrival helps athletes adjust to new environments, manage time zone changes, and minimize jet lag. It also provides time for pre-competition routines like light practice, stretching, and warm-ups without the stress of rushed travel.
  • Smart Travel Planning and Flexible Accommodations
    Many cheer programs utilize specialized travel services like Varsity Spirit’s Stay Smart program, which arranges flexible housing and transportation. This allows athletes to stay at nearby hotels, ensuring minimal commute time to venues and optimal rest between events. Flexible booking options also accommodate travel changes, reducing stress for athletes and staff during long seasons.
  • Nutrition and Active Recovery on Travel Days
    To maintain energy levels, teams prioritize proper nutrition throughout travel. They pack healthy snacks and focus on balanced meals, avoiding excessive sugar or caffeine that can disrupt sleep or cause energy crashes. Incorporating active recovery on travel days—such as light stretching, yoga, or walking—also helps athletes maintain mobility and reduce muscle stiffness.
  • Creating Buffer Time Between Events
    Successful programs carefully plan their schedules to allow for downtime between competitions. This includes days dedicated to rest and recovery post-event, where athletes can recharge physically and mentally. Managing post-competition “cheer hangovers,” a phenomenon where athletes experience emotional or physical exhaustion, is crucial to sustaining performance throughout the season.
  • Hydration and Sleep Hygiene
    Staying hydrated is essential, especially during travel and long competition days. Teams encourage frequent water breaks and sometimes use electrolyte drinks during intense events. Sleep hygiene practices, such as maintaining consistent bedtime routines and limiting screen time, help athletes get quality sleep even in unfamiliar settings.

Additionally, many elite programs prioritize recovery on travel days, using tools like compression therapy and ice baths to reduce muscle soreness. Ensuring athletes have adequate downtime between competitions also plays a key role in preventing burnout.

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4. Injury Prevention and Customized Training Programs

Injury prevention is paramount for cheer programs aiming to compete at the highest levels without burning out their athletes. Programs like Rain Athletics and ICE All Stars focus on injury prevention by tailoring individual training plans that account for athletes’ needs and physical limitations. Cross-training exercises, such as yoga and swimming, are incorporated to build strength without stressing overworked muscle groups.

Teams also limit the number of “full-out” practices to reduce the physical toll of repeatedly performing competition routines. Instead, practices may focus on sections of routines or visualization exercises to mentally rehearse the performance without risking fatigue.

5. Team Bonding and Social Support

The most successful cheer programs recognize that camaraderie is essential to long-term athlete well-being. Cheer Extreme SSX and South Coast Cheer’s Fearless have developed strong bonding practices to create cohesive, high-performing teams. These programs understand that beyond technical skill, fostering team unity is crucial for handling the pressures of competitive seasons like The Cheerleading Worlds and MAJORS.

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Cheer Extreme SSX emphasizes structured team bonding activities, such as organized group outings and movie nights, which help athletes unwind and develop deeper interpersonal relationships outside of practice. These activities also promote better in-competition communication, which is crucial for executing precise stunts and choreography under pressure.

South Coast Cheer Fearless, known for their success in the L6 Senior XSmall division, similarly prioritizes team bonding. They regularly organize post-practice dinners and outings, creating opportunities for athletes to connect outside the competitive environment. This culture of camaraderie has been a key factor in their ability to maintain consistent high performance throughout their undefeated season, as they continue to win at major competitions like MAJORS and NCA Nationals.

Both programs demonstrate that by nurturing a supportive and close-knit environment, athletes become more resilient, motivated, and capable of performing under high-stakes conditions. The strong relationships within these teams not only foster morale but also provide essential emotional support, helping athletes manage stress and stay engaged throughout the season. These bonding practices contribute directly to their competitive success by ensuring that every member feels valued and connected to the team’s goals.

burnout prevention in cheerleading

Bonus Team Bulding Ideas:

  • World Cup Shooting Stars fosters a family-like atmosphere, emphasizing both competition and personal growth. Their success is attributed to a positive team environment that ensures each athlete feels valued. They engage in seasonal team bonding activities, such as themed parties, which help cultivate unity and allow members to relax and connect before high-pressure competitions
  • KC Cheer Fierce 5 is known for their strong culture of tradition and community. They prioritize bonding through structured choreography camps and regular team practices. This creates a rhythm where athletes learn to depend on each other, strengthening their on-mat chemistry during competitions
  • Twist & Shout Diamonds & GymTyme IL Fever tend to focus on building trust among teammates through consistent practice sessions and team outings. Trust is crucial for executing complex stunts and tumbling sequences safely under pressure. Off-mat bonding events also help athletes decompress and maintain mental well-being throughout the season
  • Woodlands Elite Black Ops‘s strategy is skill-building sessions with team-building exercises. Their bonding efforts go beyond practice, including fun activities like scavenger hunts or escape rooms, encouraging problem-solving and collaboration among athletes

Avoiding burnout is essential for elite cheer programs competing at the highest levels. Through smart training plans, mental health support, intentional recovery strategies, and fostering team cohesion, programs like Top Gun All Stars, Cheer Extreme, and Brandon All-Stars set a gold standard for balancing performance and well-being. These strategies not only keep athletes healthy but also help them maintain the passion and drive needed to excel during demanding seasons like The Cheerleading Worlds and ICU Championships.

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New USASF Rules and Age Grids for the 2024-2025 Season

New USASF Rules and Age Grids for the 2024 2025 Season

By Steve Pawlyk

Published February 23, 2024

On February 22nd, the United States All Star Federation (USASF) has announced significant changes to the rules and age grids for both Cheer and Dance competitions for the upcoming 2024-2025 season. These adjustments are pivotal for coaches, athletes, and programs as they plan for the next competitive year. In this article, we’ll dive deep into these changes, providing clarity and insights to help you prepare effectively.

USASF rule changes 2024 2025

CHEER 2024-2025: A Closer Look at the Changes


Cheer Age Grid Adjustments:

  • Calendar Year Update: The Approximate Ages remain constant, but the Calendar Years will advance by one, moving from 2023 to 2024. This ensures age categories remain aligned with athletes’ birth years.
  • International Division Requirements: A minimum of 16 athletes is now required for all International divisions, emphasizing the importance of team size in competition.
  • Division Removals: The International Global Level 6 and International Global Coed Level 6 divisions are being phased out, reflecting a shift in competitive focus.
  • New Worlds-Eligible Divisions: Introduction of International Open NT Level 7 and International Open Coed NT Level 7 through USASF CHEER, opening new opportunities for elite teams.
  • Exhibition Team Clarifications: Exhibition teams must adhere to the Age Grid and Rules, ensuring consistency across all competition levels.
  • Minimum Athlete Penalties: Teams taking the floor with fewer than the minimum required athletes may face penalties, stressing the importance of full team participation.

Cheer Rules Updates:

The updates primarily consist of adjustments to the Calendar Year and the removal of references to Global divisions, streamlining the rules for clarity and consistency.

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DANCE 2024-2025: Unpacking the Updates


Dance Age Grid Enhancements:

  • Calendar Year Adjustment: Similar to cheer, Dance will see an update in the Calendar Years, moving from 2023 to 2024 while keeping Approximate Ages the same.
  • Kick Category Description: An addition to this category offers further detail to guide teams in preparation and choreography.
  • Crossover Rules Addition: Athletes are now restricted from crossing over from one club to another during the same event, aiming to maintain fairness and integrity.

Dance Rules Grid Changes:

  • Rule Relocations and Additions: Adjustments include the relocation of Mini Rule 2.c for accuracy and additions to Youth Rules enhancing the complexity and safety of airborne skills.
  • Prep and Novice Division Separation: A clear distinction between Prep and Novice Rules now exists, along with added progressions across divisions, aiding in developmental clarity.
USASF rule changes_cheerleading competition preparation

Glossary Updates:
The glossary has been updated to include new definitions and additions, such as Hip-Over-Head Rotation and Blind Landing, ensuring a common understanding of key terms.

cheerleading age categories_dance age categories

The early release of these changes by USASF is designed to aid clubs and teams in their planning for the 2024-2025 season. While some policies are still under review and may see updates in the Final Release, these adjustments signal a significant shift in the competitive landscape for both Cheer and Dance. Coaches, athletes, and program directors are encouraged to review these changes thoroughly to adapt their strategies and routines accordingly. Stay tuned for the full searchable grids to be added below, which will offer an in-depth look at the new age and rule adjustments, ensuring your team is as prepared as possible for the upcoming competitive season.

For further details, teams and coaches are encouraged to visit the official USASF website and reach out to USASF representatives for clarification on any specific concerns. Let’s gear up for another exciting season of Cheer and Dance with positivity and anticipation!

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Rookie to Pro: Developing a Successful Cheerleading Progression Program

Successful-Cheerleading-Progression-Program

By Steve Pawlyk

Published August 21, 2023

Progression is key. Whether you’re a cheer coach or a gym owner, developing a successful cheerleading progression program can be the difference between building champions or falling short of your goals. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the essential steps to create a structured and effective progression program that helps athletes grow and succeed in cheerleading.

1. Understanding the Importance of Progression in Cheerleading

Progression in cheerleading is about more than moving up levels; it’s about growth, mastery, and success. A well-designed progression program:

  • Ensures Safety: By gradually building skills, athletes avoid attempting maneuvers beyond their abilities, reducing the risk of injury. For example, mastering a back handspring before attempting a tuck ensures proper technique and confidence.
  • Enhances Skill Development: A structured progression allows athletes to build on foundational skills, leading to more advanced abilities. For instance, starting with basic stunts before progressing to elite stunts ensures a strong foundation.
  • Builds Confidence: Achieving milestones boosts self-esteem and motivation. Celebrating an athlete’s first successful cartwheel, for example, can inspire them to tackle more challenging skills.
  • Creates a Pathway to Success: A clear progression path provides a roadmap for athletes, coaches, and parents. For example, outlining the journey from novice to elite levels helps set expectations and goals.

2. Assessing the Current Skill Level

Understanding where athletes are starting is crucial:

  • Identify Strengths and Weaknesses: Conduct evaluations to pinpoint areas of proficiency and areas needing improvement. For example, if an athlete excels in tumbling but struggles with stunting, tailor their training accordingly.
  • Set Realistic Goals: Based on assessments, create achievable targets. If an athlete is close to mastering a back tuck, that may be a short-term goal, while a full twist might be a long-term target.
  • Create Personalized Training Plans: Develop individualized plans that cater to each athlete’s needs. For example, an athlete needing to improve flexibility might have specific stretching routines.

3. Setting Clear and Achievable Goals

  • Specific: Define exactly what is to be achieved. Instead of “improve tumbling,” aim for “master a back handspring.”
  • Measurable: Set criteria for measuring progress. For example, “perform a clean back handspring with no spotter.”
  • Achievable: Ensure goals are within reach. Setting a goal to master a complex stunt within a week may be unrealistic.
  • Relevant: Align goals with overall team objectives and individual growth. For example, if the team’s focus is on synchronized tumbling, individual goals should support this.
  • Time-bound (SMART): Set deadlines for achieving goals. For example, “master a back handspring within two months.”

4. Designing the Progression Pathway

  • Defining Levels and Milestones: Break down the progression into levels with specific milestones. For example, Level 1 might focus on basic tumbling, while Level 2 introduces stunting.
  • Creating Skill Checklists: Develop detailed checklists for each level. For example, a Level 1 checklist might include a forward roll, cartwheel, and roundoff.
  • Integrating Flexibility and Strength Training: Include exercises that build the physical attributes needed for cheerleading. For example, core strengthening exercises to support tumbling.
  • Providing Opportunities for Performance and Competition: Offer chances to showcase skills, such as in-house exhibitions or local competitions, to build experience and confidence.
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5. Implementing Effective Coaching Strategies

Coaching strategies are crucial:

  • Utilizing Positive Reinforcement: Praise and reward achievements, big or small. For example, recognizing an athlete’s improvement in jump technique can boost morale.
  • Encouraging Teamwork and Collaboration: Foster a supportive environment where athletes help each other. For example, pairing experienced athletes with beginners for peer coaching.
  • Providing Regular Feedback and Assessments: Offer constructive feedback and regular assessments to track progress. For example, monthly evaluations to update goals and training plans.
  • Investing in Continuous Coach Education: Encourage coaches to attend workshops and certifications to stay current with best practices.

6. Monitoring and Evaluating Progress

  • Conducting Regular Skill Assessments: Schedule assessments to gauge progress. For example, quarterly evaluations to update goals and training plans.
  • Tracking Progress Through Documentation: Keep detailed records of each athlete’s development. For example, a digital portfolio with videos of skill mastery.
  • Adjusting Training Plans as Needed: Modify plans based on progress. If an athlete quickly masters a skill, adjust their plan to introduce new challenges.
  • Celebrating Achievements and Milestones: Acknowledge and celebrate successes, such as moving to a new level or mastering a challenging skill.

7. Emphasizing Safety and Well-being

  • Following Safety Guidelines and Protocols: Adhere to industry standards and guidelines. For example, ensuring proper matting and equipment for stunting.
  • Ensuring Proper Equipment and Facilities: Regularly inspect and maintain equipment and facilities. For example, checking spring floors for wear and tear.
  • Providing Adequate Rest and Recovery: Implement rest days and recovery strategies to prevent overtraining. For example, incorporating yoga or foam rolling sessions.
  • Focusing on Mental and Emotional Well-being: Support athletes’ mental health through open communication and resources. For example, providing access to sports psychologists if needed.
cheerleading-coaching-strategies

8. Engaging Parents and Guardians

  • Regular Communication: Keep parents informed through newsletters, meetings, or apps. For example, a monthly newsletter highlighting achievements and upcoming events.
  • Parent Meetings and Workshops: Host informational sessions to educate parents about the progression program, expectations, and how they can support their athletes.
  • Encouraging Support and Participation: Invite parents to be involved, whether through volunteering or attending performances and competitions.

Developing a successful cheerleading progression program requires careful planning, thoughtful execution, and a commitment to excellence. With these guidelines, you can create a program that fosters growth and success in cheerleading.

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